Ecological Interdependence of Pollution, Fish Parasites, and Fish in Freshwater Ecosystems of Turkey

Records of mass fish deaths were found in different data sources for this study. A map Turkey was also realized the first time. We aimed to present a review distribution freshwater ecosystems Turkey, mostly Marmara Region and Aegean Sea Region, where there are intensive industrial agricultural activities. Fish parasites generally occur equilibrium with their hosts natural environments. In which highly affected by human activities have extremely rich ichthyofauna, negative effects pollution on environmental parameters, can directly affect fish, emergence overextension cause supplementary synergic direct effect transposition due deterioration host immunity wounds induced bacterial, viral, fungal pathogens be effective. Finally, these factors influence rate survival skew structure populations. Mass been frequently reported but usually only explained as single accepted anthropogenic stressor. Together pollution, bioecological stressor, qualitative quantitative characteristics parasites’ association variations should assessed monitored potential complex precursor indicators communities’ structural degradation ecosystems’ dreadful conditions. biomonitor species used identify Turkish ecosystems, not future. An optimum management plan include all physico-chemical factors, parasites, elements involved permanent assessment monitoring